https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/103038 2026-06-14T13:36:19Z 2026-06-14T13:36:19Z Kurylczyk, Apoloniusz Czapiewski, Tomasz Zakrzewska, Małgorzata https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/103884 2022-11-22T11:02:22Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Implementation of the Directive 2006/7/EC in selected EU member states in the 2017-2019 period Authors: Kurylczyk, Apoloniusz; Czapiewski, Tomasz; Zakrzewska, Małgorzata Abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this article is to present bathing water quality in the EU, with particular emphasis on Poland and neighbouring countries. In the authors' opinion, identification of the possible deficiencies of the adopted solutions may allow to assess and amend the content of the normative acts.; APPROACH/METHODOLOGY/DESIGN: Desktop-based research that consisted in a document and database review of available information, statistics and other data from international, national, regional sources. The statistical analysis: performed on the basis of qualitative data collected from Poland and other European Union member countries via statistical databases. Subjective scope of the research: countries fulfilling the criteria of membership in the European Union and the nearest neighbourhood of Poland. Time frame for the research: was set up for the 2017-2019 period. Supplementary, a case study has been applied to present how the Directive 2006/7/EC was implemented in Poland.; FINDINGS: The analysis of the data presented in this paper shows that implementing Directive 2006/7/EC in Poland resulted in the decrease in the number of bathing sites. Moreover, it resulted in a lack of monitoring and transparency of water quality assessments in other types of designated water areas.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This paper identifies that it is not possible to quantify water quality on a 4-year basis for the majority of bathing sites in Poland and thus the transparency of water quality assessments in Poland has been impaired. The paper also raises awareness about problems with the implementation of the Directive 2006/7/EC in Poland and indicates the need for change.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The presented overview may be useful for improving the management of bathing water quality in Poland, as it contributes to its proper current diagnosis.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Bretyn, Agnieszka https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/103883 2022-11-22T10:58:20Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Quality of life of young consumers : evidence from Poland Authors: Bretyn, Agnieszka Abstract: PURPOSE: The paper aims to evaluate selected aspects of the quality of life of young consumers.; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The following research methods were selected: a literature analysis and empirical research - questionnaire. The study was conducted using the CAWI (computer-assisted web interview) in April-June 2021 on young consumers of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. The analysis and interpretation of the data obtained from the qualitative research were developed using quantitative methods - descriptive and statistical.; FINDINGS: Despite the COVID-19 pandemic that has been prevailing for over a year, which results in the deterioration of basic macroeconomic categories, such as GDP, unemployment, and inflation, which have a direct impact on the lives of individuals, and despite the inadequate assessment of certain aspects of life and the environment, young consumers generally assessed the quality of your life as well and very well.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The paper shows the importance of subjective assessment of the quality of life and may be helpful to institutions responsible for developing appropriate programs to improve the lives of young people.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study contributes to the literature by showing that the subjective assessment of individual areas of life and the quality of life, in general, may differ, and the improvement or deterioration of the quality of life may not always be directly related to economic growth.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Wąsikowska, Barbara https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/103882 2022-11-22T10:55:42Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Consumer neuroscience : the application of selected neurobiological methods in consumer research Authors: Wąsikowska, Barbara Abstract: PURPOSE: The primary scientific goal of the article is to present the results of research on the application of neurobiology methods and techniques to analyze consumer behavior and test the effectiveness of advertising. During the study, respondent reactions (emotions, memory, or interest) to individual advertisement fragments were analyzed. Results of the neural and psychophysiological measurements were compared to participant responses obtained during direct interviews.; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: To achieve the aims of the article, the research was carried out in two stages. The first part was an experiment using electroencephalograph (EEG) and biometric techniques, such as electrodermal activity (EDA), electrocardiography (ECG), and heart rate (HR). The second section of the study was based on direct interviews with the respondents.; FINDINGS: The growing number of advertising messages and the seemingly increasing chaos within this area have meant a clear need to search for means, forms, and contents that can reach the client. The application of neurobiological knowledge in marketing can better understand these processes, such as emotions, attention, memory, or decision making. Knowledge of how the brain reacts to various stimuli can increase the effectiveness of an advertised message.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Using EEG in combination with biometric techniques (EDA, ECG, and HR), researchers can better understand how consumers make decisions that could lead to them making a purchase. Research of this type can enable companies to reduce losses associated with launching a product on the market that no one wants to buy and lead to more effective and exciting advertising (in the case of the consumer) for the goods to be sold.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This research attempts to fill a gap in the literature on the subject. An experimental research approach to consumers may provide new knowledge about their expectations, desires, and purchasing behavior. The research presented in this article also provides knowledge on combining traditional marketing research (in this case, direct interview) with modern neurobiological methods and techniques.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Wawrzyniak, Agata https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/103881 2026-01-23T09:02:05Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: A multi-agent based simulation model of consumer behaviour : food choice and cooking attitudes during the Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak Authors: Wawrzyniak, Agata Abstract: PURPOSE: The primary scientific goal of the article is to present the results of research which aimed to build a multi-agent simulation model of consumer behavior during the coronavirus Covid-19 epidemic. The research investigation concerned finding an answer to the question: to what extent did consumer eating behavior change during the pandemic, and how did the risk of becoming overweight and obesity increase?; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: To gain deeper insight into consumer eating behavior amid the Covid-19 outbreak, a survey on food choice and cooking attitudes was carried out in the West Pomeranian region of Poland. Four hundred twenty respondents took part in the survey. The data obtained was used to elaborate a multi-agent model created by the author and the execution of simulation experiments. A multi-agent-based modeling and simulation (MABS) method was used to build the model.; FINDINGS: The research shows that among the individuals participating in the study, three types of eating attitudes were distinguished, restrained eaters (41.9%), emotional eaters (34.8%), and external eaters (23.3%). These three groups reported different behavior, highlighting, for example, an increase in ready-made and ultra-processed food consumption within the non-emotionally responsive group. Empirical data was used to develop an agentbased simulation model that combined different eating styles represented by consumers with their food and cooking habits to simulate consumer behavior during the Covid-19 epidemic.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The findings could be helpful in support of practical and social solutions for the identification of excessive weight and obesity risk factors and the preparation of strategies aimed at reducing the influence of pandemics on consumer eating behavior and increasing consumer awareness on this issue.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study can stimulate sustainable consumption and consumer behavior, especially in light of the current Covid-19 pandemic.

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