https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/104754 2026-04-12T04:06:35Z 2026-04-12T04:06:35Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/104893 2023-01-05T06:57:02Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Machine translation in medicine : a neural machine translation comparison of French 19th century anatomical text Abstract: Over the last decades, the translation industry has gone through unprecedented changes due to the advances in technology. The use of Machine Translation has grown exponentially and is slowly being introduced in specific-domains such as that of medicine. Consequently, this dissertation aims to investigate whether the neural machine translation applications Google Translate and eTranslation, are able to produce satisfactory translations in the field of human anatomy. A section from the 19th century French work ‘Anatomie des centres nerveux’ by the neurologists Joseph and Augusta Déjerine will be compared and through the process of post-editing and error analysis, the development, strengths, weaknesses and the outcome of machine translation will be highlighted. The theoretical part of this dissertation is concerned with neural machine translation and medical language whereas in the practical part, the researcher post-edits the raw MT output and generates a taxonomy of errors. The findings illustrate that despite the revolutionary developments in machine translation due to neural networks, machine translation systems are not yet suitable to translate the Déjerine’s anatomical text. The analysis depicts that the output quality is inferior but through post-editing a high-quality final product can be attained. Description: M.Trans. (Melit.)

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/104892 2024-11-22T07:41:35Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Corporate terminology processes : an analysis of terminological search and usage behaviour by engineers in a German corporate context Abstract: Communication is one of the keys to having a successful company: all persons or employees involved must always communicate effectively and purposefully. This means that all those engaged within an organisation should always know what is shared and understand the associated meaning without much effort. A success factor for holistic communication within a company is a coordinated corporate language or defined terminology. This condition can be created by a company-wide language service, which ensures that all written and oral language-related internal or external processes are carried out uniformly, clearly, and organised. Also, to ensure consistent communication between the parties involved within the company or with customers and suppliers, a terminology department organises the terminology, as to be seen in many internationally operating mechanical engineering companies. Terminology management and the associated terminology work in an organisation always interplay with linguistic and technical aspects and different actors. This leads to terminologists coordinating with engineers or other specialist departments of the respective company to determine which terms may or may not be used for a particular object. As a result, the terminology department and the individual terminology managers always act in a client-oriented way to maintain a universal language culture within the organisation. All in all, terminology is shaped by everyone for everyone. In an effort by the terminology department at Krones AG to streamline its terminology service towards an innovative, interactive, and user-friendly approach, they plan to understand the engineers’ reality better and optimise its terminology process and shape it to meet its clients' needs to ensure easy access and search concerning terminology information and the database (Head of Terminology and Translation, Krones 2021, personal communication). However, the challenge lies in the lack of a platform that can serve as a user-friendly search engine through which defined and organised terminology can be retrieved company-wide simply and intelligently. This research aimed to determine engineers’ search and usage behaviour within Krones AG concerning the terminology process through an empirical analysis. To do this, the existing terminology processes were graphically sketched, modelled, and analysed, resulting in questions on the users/clients (engineers, technical experts, and departments). A catalogue of questions was created from the essential open questions to answer the interaction and cooperation between the terminology department and the engineers. Description: M.Trans. (Melit.)

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/104883 2023-01-04T13:29:16Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Cultural and technical transference issues encountered in the audiovisual translation of the TV series ‘Vis a Vis’ : the rendition of the Spanish dialogue into Maltese subtitles Abstract: This is a practical study based on theoretical considerations drawn from important translation academics and scholars which aims to analyse some cultural and technical transference issues one could encounter in the subtitling process. Moreover, the analysis was based on the rendition of the original dialogue of the Pilot episode of the Spanish TV series Vis a Vis into Maltese subtitles. The main objective of this academic work is to discuss and analyse how cultural references, humour and vulgar language should be dealt with and rendered from one language/culture to another whilst still being faithful to the subtitling guidelines. Therefore, several translation strategies, which help in achieving these objectives, were discussed in detail throughout the entire study. Apart from this, attention was also given to the notion of achieving functional equivalence rather than literal equivalence in the target text. Essentially, this notion shows that an adequate translation is one that reproduces the same or a similar effect rather than the literal meaning of the source text. Since the practical part of this study deals with the creation of subtitles, various subtitling strategies which help counteract the technical subtitling issues were also discussed and eventually, applied in order to produce adequate Maltese subtitles which respect the subtitling limitations, particularly the spatial and temporal limitations, in question. Finally, more academic works which combine specific topics, subtitling and the Maltese culture and audience are significantly needed so as to raise awareness on the accessibility of subtitles in Malta and on how different topics in the subtitling field require specific strategies to be adequately transferred into the Maltese culture. Description: M.Trans. (Melit.)

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/104882 2023-01-04T13:28:04Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Self-revision processes of translation students : does self-revision deliteralise the final translation? : a case study Abstract: The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect that the process of self-revision has on the final translation and whether such a process transforms the final TT into a closer rendering of the ST or into a less literal one. This will be achieved by testing the deliteralisation hypothesis, which holds the view that generally, the first draft version of a translator’s TT is closer to the source than other later draft versions (when available), underlining a move from literal to less literal (Chesterman 2011, p.26). This study uses keystroke logging (Translog-II) to investigate the type of self-revisions carried out, i.e., whether they are classified as away, nearer or neutral, the overall number of self-revisions as well as the total number of changes carried out per participant, and how such self-revisions were distributed along the translation process. Moreover, the study incorporates think-aloud to find out the underlying reasons behind these changes, which are also divided into different categories. A lengthy, non-literary text, taken from the British newspaper called The Guardian, is translated from English (L2) into Maltese (L1) by six University of Malta translation students who are currently enrolled in the Master in Translation and Terminology Studies. The study partially supports the deliteralisation hypothesis and also suggests that the underlying reasons as to why changes were made were various such as: TT/TL requirements; loyalty to the ST/ST author; solutions which were considered better/best; personal preferences, among others. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the organisation of self-revisions throughout the phases of the translation process, may be linked to a translator’s process profile or writing style. Description: M.Trans. (Melit.)

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z