https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/104814 2026-04-23T07:35:51Z 2026-04-23T07:35:51Z Olejniczak, Jarosław Bednarska-Olejniczak, Dorota https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/105888 2026-01-09T07:38:40Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Participatory budgets of Polish major cities during Covid-19 Authors: Olejniczak, Jarosław; Bednarska-Olejniczak, Dorota Abstract: PURPOSE: This article aims to determine the "resilience" of solutions adopted in Poland in the scope of participatory budgeting regarding the crisis in the economy.; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: Multiple case studies as the research tool was used. It enabled a multi-faceted analysis of the functioning of participatory budgets (PB). Firstly - a review of the literature on the subject of PBS, secondly - an analysis of the legal sources regarding the PBs in Poland; thirdly - an analysis of information available on the websites and in the source, documents published by individual main regional 17 cities in Poland, associated with the implementation of PB procedures in 2019 -2020.; FINDINGS: Data obtained from individual city offices concerning the distribution of the procedure over time and the decisions made regarding the shape of PB in 2020 indicate a relatively strong impact of the pandemic on the implementation of PB in the studied cities. Changes in the scope of schedules, reduction in the pool of funds, changes in the scope of consultation processes, or changes in the proper voting methods constitute apparent consequences of the pandemic's impact on the PB processes.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The research shows that earlier implementation of remote voting and the strengthening of the inhabitants' belief in the importance of PB can undoubtedly have a significant impact on the strengthening of PB processes. Also, the ability of citizens and municipalities to use new technologies both in designing PBs and voting will be essential to strengthen the PB process in crisis times.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The analysis carried out indicates some of the problems in implementing (mandatory) PB processes under crisis conditions. It, therefore, provides an opportunity for discussion regarding the purposefulness and optimal scope of introducing legal regulations concerning PB while indicating the potential threats associated with this.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Chaikovska, Ivanna https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/105886 2026-01-22T10:02:29Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on safety level of polish listed banks : the capital adequacy ratio in 2015-2020 Authors: Chaikovska, Ivanna Abstract: PURPOSE: The article aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the safety level of the Polish-listed banks. The safety level will be determined using a classic measure: the capital adequacy ratio (solvency ratio). The objective of the empirical study is to measure the safety level of 12 Polish-listed banks in 2015-2020 and classify them according to their level of safety.; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: In the empirical part, an attempt was made to measure the safety level of Polish-listed banks in the 2015-2020 years by using statistical data from the Bank Focus database and financial statements. The sample consisted of 12 Polish-listed banks. The empirical part used descriptive statistics, ratio analysis, and correlation analysis between the variables.; FINDINGS: The analyzed banks were differentiated according to their safety level. Furthermore, the most and the minor safe banks were be identified, as well as banks that do not meet the minimum regulatory requirements.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The results of the conducted research can be used in the practical activities of banks in terms of adjusting their operation to regulatory requirements and the development of the COVID-19 pandemic. Research results can also be used as a benchmark for decisions and actions taken by regulatory and supervisory authorities. As well the research results can increase the trust the stakeholders have in the banking sector.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: An assessment of the safety level of the Polish-listed banks and consequences and threats caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will be of significant cognitive importance.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Banaszczak-Soroka, Urszula Pancer-Cybulska, Ewa https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/105885 2026-01-09T12:02:33Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: COVID-19 and the size and composition of household savings in the European Union countries Authors: Banaszczak-Soroka, Urszula; Pancer-Cybulska, Ewa Abstract: PURPOSE: This paper aims to examine the impact of the pandemic on the size of household financial savings in 2020 in all EU countries, not only in terms of value but also in terms of the composition of financial instruments in the portfolio (expressed in current prices) and the dynamics of their change.; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The paper uses descriptive analysis, statistical inference, literature review, and act analysis. The size and composition of household savings between 1Q/2018 and 4Q/2020 for the EU Member States are assessed.; FINDINGS: Based on studies carried out, it should be concluded that there is a significant stratification of household savings in EU countries. The dynamics of changes in savings and the share of analyzed elements of the portfolio varied considerably across nations. There was a significant repricing of financial instruments in 1Q/2020 compared to 4Q/2019.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The research results can be used by various institutions operating in the financial sector to shape investment strategies for savings accumulated by households.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study addresses the critical and relevant issue of the size and structure of household savings in the EU-27 countries affected by the pandemic. It caused a profound upheaval of entire economies and consequently affected every individual. Due to the size of the publication, many aspects that may have a direct or indirect impact on the category under study (of savings) were not considered, such as GDP value, disposable income, unemployment rate, inflation, and many other factors that have sometimes undergone radical changes in the EU countries. Arguably, such a broad approach would significantly enhance the cognitive value of the article.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Pancer-Cybulska, Ewa https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/105838 2026-01-09T07:35:56Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Key economic effects of COVID-19 pandemic in Poland in 2020 compared to other EU countries Authors: Pancer-Cybulska, Ewa Abstract: PURPOSE: The article aims to show what impact the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had on the Polish economy compared to the situation in the EU member states. The idea is to show the main economic effects under the conditions of active support of the economy by the government’s anti-crisis program mitigating the adverse effects caused by the pandemic (the so-called Anti-Crisis Shield).; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The governmental program and business cycle statistics were analyzed, and labor market indicators – the unemployment rate and changes in the number of employed by the industry. The situation in the EU was discussed using fundamental macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth rate and debt and public finance sector output. Each of these indicators recorded the effects of closing the economy.; FINDINGS: The “Accommodation and catering” and “Trade” and “repair of motor vehicles” Polish Classification of Business Activity (NACE) sections were most affected by the crisis. Some industries have seen positive activity despite the lockdown, such as information and communications. The “Anti-Crisis Shield” governmental program allowed to protect jobs and maintain minimum financial liquidity in companies that met the primary conditions for obtaining financial support. The program could not save the whole economy from the effects of the pandemic, but the adverse economic impact measured by the decrease in GDP was more minor in Poland than in other EU countries.; PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Observations derived from the pandemic behavior of specific industries can be used to model governmental protective and supportive actions for the future.; ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The effects of the pandemic have been drastic for some industries but beneficial for others. The indicators of the situation in Poland in macroeconomic terms place it in the group of countries that effectively counteract the effects of the pandemic, which bodes well for the period of economic recovery after the pandemic.

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