https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/46551 2026-06-19T01:34:11Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/46567 Title: Shifting geopolitics in the Arab World 1945-2017 Abstract: Almost a century after the end the Ottoman domination of the Middle East and North Africa, and after many decades of independence from Western colonial rule, the Arab Region is far from being peaceful, integrated, prosperous and democratic. Worse, after the watershed events starting in 2011, dubbed as “Arab Spring”, many States are either unstable or simply in shambles, and the old Arab political “order” is collapsing while the new geopolitical landscape is marred by a chaotic shift of alliances, proxy wars and sectarian violence. If in the past 75 years, we had some sort of a “regional Arab system”, today we have a “region without a system”, where non-state actors are filling the vacuum left open by weakened Arab States’ power system and where non-Arab countries like Israel, Iran and Turkey are gaining ground, clout and influence. 2018-02-01T00:00:00Z