https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124363 Sun, 12 Apr 2026 11:31:53 GMT 2026-04-12T11:31:53Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124528 Title: Islam : droits de l'homme, droits des femmes Authors: Lakhdhar, Latifa Abstract: Traiter des thèmes de la démocratie, des droits de l'homme et de ceux des femmes en islam, c'est d'abord les traiter dans leur historicité et dans le cadre d'une démarche comparant l'histoire de l'islam à celle des autres monothéismes, notamment celle du christianisme. Cela nous éloigne d'abord de l'arbitraire des thèses occidentalo-centristes comme celle de Huntington, ainsi que de celles essentialistes se basant sur l'a priori d'une « exception ou d'une tare congénitale islamique » rendant cette religion non apte par essence à la sécularisation. La démocratie, les droits de l'homme ainsi que la revendication d'un rapport de genre plus égalitaire, sont des valeurs enfantées par la modernité dans un processus de confrontation avec le magistère du religieux. Comme le christianisme n'a cédé à ces valeurs ni d'une manière spontanée, ni en dehors d'un certain rapport de forces imposé au terme d'une longue confrontation, l'islam, mis dans des conditions semblables, finira par céder aux exigences de l'histoire. Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124528 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124527 Title: Recognising artists' rights : a new challenge to the human rights paradigm Authors: Storlund, Vivan Abstract: Artistic work is a strange bird in our legal culture, particularly so in labour law that is permeated by the logic of industrial production. We therefore have difficulties in envisaging the kind of protection that labour law should accord artists as well as other persons, whose work differs from the standard on which labour law is based. This problem has gained increasing topicality with the diversification of working life that has followed in the wake of the information society. Artists can therefore be seen as precursors for work in IT society. To recognise artistic and cultural work and to introduce appropriate provisions for such work is a compelling need in order to catch up with social change. This requires a new conceptual framework that is considered in this article. The point of departure is the existing set of economic, social and cultural rights that are primarily approached through concepts devised by theories of social justice. Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124527 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124526 Title: Status of international human rights law within the domestic jurisdiction : the context of Bangladesh Authors: Azam, Mohammad Monirul; Naser, Mostafa Mahmud Abstract: In this age of globalization no country can deny its obligations under international human rights law. Therefore, international human rights law has had an ever-growing impact on domestic legal systems throughout the world. Bangladesh, situated in South Asia, has acceded to or ratified almost all the major human rights instruments in force. But the status of international human rights law regarding its implementation and application within the domestic jurisdiction of Bangladesh is yet to be fully explored. The objective of the present article is therefore, to survey the issues surrounding the legal system of Bangladesh concerning the implementation and application of international human rights law in Bangladesh. To this end, the present paper will examine the status of international law, including human rights law, under the Constitution of Bangladesh and then proceed to examine the attitude of the Judiciary of Bangladesh. It will also dwell upon the obstacles encountered while implementing international human rights law and finally suggest a number of steps to ensure effective application of international human rights law in Bangladesh. Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124526 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124508 Title: Children's rights : from Hammurabi’s codex to the convention on the rights of the child Authors: Ben Cheikh, Hella Turki Abstract: The purpose of this Article is to evaluate all the instruments that promoted in one way or another, children's rights. It is a diachronic research, which focuses on the international instruments that have struggled for the cause of the child. The first part deals with the old historical documents starting from the oldest instrument which is Hammurabi's Codex established in 1750 BC and followed by an overview of the Babylonian law. The next part discusses more recent human rights' instruments, which attempted to promote children's rights such as the Geneva Declaration on Human Rights in 1924. Then, emphasis is placed on the first international human rights document, which is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted in 1948. Following this period, in 1959, a Declaration of the Rights of the Child was agreed to focusing particularly on children, but the situation of the child then prompted the conclusion of an instrument with a legally binding status. That is why the article then focuses on the two international Covenants, namely, are the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women is then studied. The evaluation of the rights promoted in these documents demonstrates that these are not instruments specific to children's rights but to human rights in general. As a result, there is a need to evaluate the most famous Convention promoting exclusively children's rights that is the Convention on the Rights of the Child - CRC - approved in 1989. The last part examines the CRC and its two Optional Protocols, which are the Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography and the Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict. If all these human rights instruments are taken together into consideration, it is to be noticed that the perception of the child has changed throughout time. S/he is no more an object of rights in need of protection but a subject of rights who is the bearer of inalienable prerogatives of no less value than those of adults. Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/124508 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z