https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/127994 Wed, 15 Apr 2026 09:52:32 GMT 2026-04-15T09:52:32Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128332 Title: The disclosure index of small private companies in Malta Abstract: PURPOSE: This dissertation aims to address the research gap surrounding the disclosure practices of small entities particularly in small jurisdictions like Malta, by delving into the average disclosure index (DI) of small private entities in Malta, shedding light on how compliance with GAPSME disclosure requirements increased from 2017 to 2021. The study has two objectives. First, to determine if small entities have learned to comply better with GAPSME disclosure requirements from 2017 to 2021 and to gain insight into key DI elements. Secondly, to investigate whether listed, large, and medium-sized entities’ compliance factors also impact small entities’ compliance. DESIGN: This research adopted a mixed methodology approach. Quantitative research analysis was used to determine whether a learning process in compliance was present in the financial statements of entities from 2017 to 2021. The qualitative techniques aimed to gain further insight on the DI and whether characteristics affecting larger entities’ compliance also influence small entities’ compliance with GAPSME disclosure requirements. FINDINGS: The author finds a learning curve in the compliance with GAPSME disclosure requirements from 2017 to 2021. Additionally, it was clear from the semi-structured interviews, that not all factors impacting the level of compliance of listed, large, and medium-sized entities are perceived to also impact the level of compliance of small entities with the relevant financial reporting regulatory Framework. CONCLUSION: The implementation of the GAPSME framework in Malta has led to increased compliance with disclosure requirements compared to its initial stages. However, full compliance is still lacking, indicating the need for further progress. To enhance compliance, local enforcement bodies should prioritise education and training initiatives to change professionals’ attitudes towards compliance. Additionally, more research on small entities is needed to recognise their significance in the market and in literature. VALUE: This study aims to equip various stakeholders, including the Accountancy Board, Malta Institute of Accountants, and local professionals, with valuable insights on the level of adherence to GAPSME disclosure requirements and the key elements that influence compliance. The objective of this study is to increase the understanding of relevant stakeholders on the areas in the GAPSME framework that are repeatedly non-complied with and had a lack of improvement in compliance throughout the years since GAPSME implementation and how this may be amended. Description: M. Accty.(Melit.) Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128332 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128331 Title: Bridging the gap : exploring the relationship between accounting and marketing in the business environment Abstract: PURPOSE: The objectives of this research include i) to obtain an understanding of the evolution of the roles of both the accounting and marketing departments, ii) to explore the interrelationship between the marketing and accounting functions, iii) to establish the level of information sharing between both departments, and iv) to identify the involvement of both the accounting and marketing departments in strategic decision-making. DESIGN: To achieve the research objectives, a qualitative research methodology was selected, in the form of semi-structured interviews. Separate interviews with high-ranking representatives from the accounting and marketing departments of thirteen companies were conducted. FINDINGS: The findings indicate that both the accounting and marketing departments are undergoing a transformation in line with the current business landscape. While traditional characteristics remain, the accounting function is transitioning into a more modern, business-partnering role. Similarly, the marketing function is gaining prominence for effectively attracting and satisfying customers. These developments have improved the interrelationship between the two departments considerably, despite the presence of various challenges. Technological advancements have also contributed to increased level of information sharing between the two functions. It is vital for the two departments to interact and share valuable insight as they are both crucial for strategic decision-making. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there has been a significant improvement in the interrelationship and information sharing between the accounting and marketing departments. Furthermore, there is an increased awareness of the need to incorporate each other’s skills into their respective functions. Nevertheless, there is still room for improvement, especially due to challenges in their interrelationship along with issues of transparency, and relevance of data. Ultimately, it is vital for both departments to collaborate given the vital roles both departments have in strategic decision-making. IMPLICATIONS: This research study implies the importance of implementing necessary measures to ensure an ongoing progression in the relationship between the accounting and marketing departments. The recommendations drawn from the findings can provide guidance for further development of the two roles, leading to improved collaboration and integration with the aim of offering relevant insights for strategic decision-making. Description: M. Accty.(Melit.) Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128331 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128330 Title: Examining the influence of accounting ratios on Maltese share prices and forecasting future prices using time-series models Abstract: PURPOSE: This research study aims to investigate the relationship between various categories of accounting ratios and the share prices of Maltese listed companies, also giving particular attention to different industries, and subsequently attempt to predict the future share prices of such entities based on the established relationships. DESIGN: A mixed methodology was adopted to carry out this study. The quantitative analysis makes use of basic statistical analyses, time-series multiple regression models and forecasting tools, whilst the qualitative aspect gathered valuable insights from experts in the local financial markets through seven semi-structured interviews. FINDINGS: The presence of this relationship was identified, although being weak due to the existing local challenges. Different significant categories emerged from the regressions and the interview responses, hence determining the most important ratios was rendered a complex task. On another note, performing industry-specific analyses emerged to have a stronger explanatory power as well as being considered more useful by interview respondents. Lastly, predicting future share prices solely using accounting ratios was deemed inaccurate, as numerous factors must be considered when evaluating an investment decision. However, using projected accounting ratios to forecast a range of anticipated future prices to allow for a margin of safety was concluded to be a more prudent and reliable approach. CONCLUSIONS: Considering numerous accounting ratios whilst placing greater weighting on those which are more essential for the concerned industry provide strong indications of good investments. However, this must be combined with the acknowledgement of qualitative and external factors to make optimal investment decisions. Accounting for the unique dynamics of the local stock market is also essential to ensure satisfactory returns. VALUE: This study was intended to contribute to the literature relating to the Maltese stock market as well as providing valuable insights mainly to investors as well as the management of listed companies to make better investment and operational decisions respectively. It also provides policy makers with possible solutions to improve the situation of the local stock exchange and the financial markets in general. Description: M. Accty.(Melit.) Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128330 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128329 Title: The relationship between internal audit and IT departments within Maltese banks Abstract: Purpose: This study addresses the lack of specific research on the relationship between Internal Audit and IT Departments in Maltese banks, focusing on information security risk management. It aims to analyse their roles, interactions and factors impacting communication and collaboration, while also emphasising the benefits of fostering a positive relationship. Additionally, the study offers recommendations and best practices to enhance their relationship. Design: To fulfil the study's objectives, semi-structured interviews were conducted with internal auditors and IT Department executives, with additional insights gathered from interviews with 2 ISOs from local banks, providing a broader perspective. A thematic approach was then taken to analyse the data. Findings: The study emphasises the essential collaboration between IA and IT Departments in safeguarding a bank's information assets, despite their differing roles and perspectives on IS risk mitigation. Challenges, such as IAors' limited IT knowledge and resistance to criticism were observed, yet efforts to foster trust and collaboration led to improved communication over time. Positive shifts in perception of the IAF, attitudes among departments, top management support and structural factors were also noted. Achieving a balance between formal and informal communication, addressing operational challenges and promoting proactive risk management were deemed crucial by both interviewee groups. Ultimately, they also acknowledged the significance of enhancing mutual understanding and collaboration. Conclusions: This dissertation revealed that most interviewees express satisfaction with the current communication and collaboration between the departments, reflecting an overall positive relationship and an improvement from previous studies. However, occasional barriers persist, primarily stemming from the internal auditor’s limited IT technical knowledge and from IT personnel’s attitudes. Value: It is anticipated that this study will inspire additional research in this field. Additionally, stakeholders are encouraged to consider implementing the recommendations outlined to enhance the relationship between departments. Description: M. Accty.(Melit.) Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/128329 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z