https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/144 Sat, 25 Apr 2026 06:00:20 GMT 2026-04-25T06:00:20Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145876 Title: ADHD in women’s health : the impact of hormonal transitions across the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and the postpartum period Authors: Frendo, Abhishek Sah; Cassar, Martha Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in women is shaped by hormonal transitions across the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and the postpartum period. Fluctuations in oestradiol and progesterone influence dopaminergic function, executive control, and emotional regulation, producing phase-dependent variation in symptoms and treatment response. Adolescence is characterised by heightened neuroendocrine sensitivity, pregnancy by heterogeneous clinical trajectories, and the postpartum period by oestrogen withdrawal, sleep disruption, and increased psychiatric vulnerability. Evidence supports phase-sensitive assessment, individualised pharmacological and behavioural management, and early reproductive planning. Longitudinal research integrating neuroendocrine, clinical, and functional outcomes is required to guide evidence-based care for women with ADHD across the reproductive lifespan. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145876 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145874 Title: Effect of obesity on natural fertility in women of reproductive age : a literature review Authors: Cassar, Leanne Abstract: The global prevalence of obesity has risen substantially over the recent decades, while also raising concerns about its impact on women’s reproductive health, especially in women within their reproductive age. Obesity has been associated with multiple risk factors such as hormonal dysregulation, ovulatory dysfunction and even adverse metabolic changes that may impair natural fertility. This literature review aims to examine and synthesize current evidence regarding the relationship between obesity and natural fertility in women of reproductive age. This review explores proposed biological mechanisms, including endocrine and metabolic alterations, as well as observed effects on ovulatory function and time to conception. By summarizing existing research, this review highlights the potential impact of obesity on natural fertility and underscores the importance of weight management in reproductive health. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145874 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145868 Title: The male contraceptive Authors: Calleja, Sasha Marli; Felice, Hanna Marie Abstract: Male contraception remains limited to condoms and vasectomy, disproportionately placing the reproductive burden on women. This review examines emerging hormonal and non-hormonal alternatives. Hormonal methods, like Nestorone/Testosterone gels, achieve >90% efficacy by suppressing the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, though they face "fertility gaps" during recovery. In contrast, non-hormonal strategies including those targeting sperm production, sperm motility and sperm emission offer rapid, "on-demand" reversibility without endocrine disruption. While hormonal options lead in clinical readiness, diversifying these methods is vital for reducing unintended pregnancies. These advancements represent a critical shift toward global reproductive equity and shared family planning. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145868 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145867 Title: Addressing the long-term effects of cancer treatments Authors: Ahmed, Waleed Abstract: Cancer survivorship has become a growing area of clinical and public health focus as advancements in early detection and treatment have significantly improved survival rates worldwide. However, the increase in long-term survivors has brought to light a spectrum of chronic physical and psychological sequelae that may persist for years after treatment. This literature review examines the enduring physiological sequelae, including cardiotoxicity, endocrine dysfunction, neurological impairment, and musculoskeletal decline. Psychological challenges such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, fear of recurrence, and body image disturbances are also discussed. It explores current and emerging interventions, including multidisciplinary survivorship care models, survivorship care plans (SCPs), rehabilitation programmes, and digital health innovations that aim to enhance posttreatment quality of life. The review also analyses emerging research trends in precision survivorship care, which seek to translate evidence-based interventions into sustainable practice. Policy and healthcare-system implications are discussed with particular emphasis on Malta, where the National Cancer Plan (2017–2021) outlines a framework for integrated survivorship care but faces challenges in implementation, equity, and long-term funding. The review concludes by stating that the long-term effects of cancer treatment demand coordinated multidisciplinary care, robust policy frameworks, and continued research to improve survivor outcomes and quality of life. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/145867 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z