Eco-friendly production of antimicrobial nanoparticles for sustainability

Abstract

One of the primary causes of worldwide morbidity and mortality is infectious diseases. Antibiotics represent a major landmark discovery of the twentieth century, having saved millions of lives from deadly pathogens. Unfortunately, microbes are increasingly acquiring significant antimicrobial resistance. Such a crisis is fast becoming the most pressing issue in public health due to the inefficacy of existing drugs and the lack of new antimicrobials. Therefore, sustainable development ensures that present demands are met without risking future generations’ ability to do the same. Focusing on Sustainable Development Goal 3, which states that by 2030, improve mental health and well-being while reducing premature mortality from non-communicable disorders by one-third through prevention and treatment, the authors of this chapter have made their way to that goal. Global efforts are underway to develop new, more effective antibacterial chemicals and delivery and targeting methods. Nanotechnology may help fight antibiotic resistance by creating innovative antimicrobials that disrupt microbial processes and increase biofilm penetration. Nanotechnology can improve nanomedicine applications of numerous natural substances. The classical nanotechnology physical and chemical synthesis techniques employing ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’ approaches commonly use poisonous and hazardous substances and extreme physical parameters that may harm humans, ecosystems, and the environment. These are complex, expensive, time- consuming, and arduous techniques. Scientists worldwide are concentrating on eco- friendly, safer, and easier production processes employing natural resources for sustainability and antibacterial efficacy. In green production of more advanced antibacterial nanoparticles, plant-based natural resources and microbial biological material are promising.