Red blood cell distribution width and myocardial scar burden in coronary artery disease

Abstract

Introduction: Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a novel independent marker of cardiovascular disease including heart failure, coronary artery disease and myocardial ischaemia. The aim of the study was to investigate a possible relationship between RDW and myocardial scar burden, as assessed by a MIBI viability scan. A secondary objective was to assess whether there is an association between RDW and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods: The study comprised 123 subjects with ischaemic heart disease who underwent a myocardial viability scan between June 2008 and July 2014. Haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, RDW, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), estimated glomerular filtration rate, fasting blood glucose, liver and lipid profiles were evaluated for all patients. The extent of myocardial scarring and LVEF were noted. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0. Univariate followed by multivariate analyses were performed to assess for independent predictors of myocardial scarring and LVEF, respectively. Results: The mean age of the study population was 63.5 years; most of the subjects were men. The median LVEF was 31% and median percentage of myocardial scarring was 8.7%. Multivariate analyses revealed that RDW, HDL-cholesterol and alanine transaminase were independent predictors of myocardial scarring while RDW, MPV, LDL-cholesterol and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase were independent predictors of LVEF. Conclusions: Increased RDW is an independent predictor both of myocardial scar burden and of impaired left ventricular function in subjects with coronary artery disease.