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dc.contributor.authorFervaha, Gagan-
dc.contributor.authorCaravaggio, Fernando-
dc.contributor.authorMamo, David-
dc.contributor.authorMulsant, Benoit H.-
dc.contributor.authorPollock, Bruce G.-
dc.contributor.authorNakajima, Shinichiro-
dc.contributor.authorGerretsen, Philip-
dc.contributor.authorRajji, Tarek K.-
dc.contributor.authorMar, Wanna-
dc.contributor.authorIwata, Yusuke-
dc.contributor.authorPlitman, Eric-
dc.contributor.authorChung, Jun Ku-
dc.contributor.authorRemington, Gary-
dc.contributor.authorGraff-Guerrero, Ariel-
dc.date.accessioned2017-11-16T10:18:22Z-
dc.date.available2017-11-16T10:18:22Z-
dc.date.issued2016-
dc.identifier.citationFervaha, G., Caravaggio, F., Mamo, D. C., Mulsant, B. H., Pollock, B. G., Nakajima, S., ... & Plitman, E. (2016). Lack of association between dopaminergic antagonism and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a positron emission tomography dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy study. Psychopharmacology, 233(21-22), 3803-3813.en_GB
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar//handle/123456789/23914-
dc.description.abstractRationale Several pre-clinical studies suggest that antipsychotic medications cause secondary negative symptoms. However, direct evidence for a relationship among antipsychotic medications, their direct effects on neurotransmitter systems, and negative symptoms in schizophrenia remains controversial. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between antipsychotic-related dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Forty-one clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia participated in this prospective dose reduction positron emission tomography (PET) study. Clinical assessments and [11C]-raclopride PET scans were performed before and after participants underwent gradual dose reduction of their antipsychotic medication by up to 40 % from the baseline dose. Results No significant relationship was found between antipsychotic-related dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy and negative symptom severity at baseline or follow-up. Similar null findings were found for subdomains of negative symptoms (amotivation and diminished expression). Occupancy was significantly lower following dose reduction; however, negative symptom severity did not change significantly, though a trend toward reduction was noted. Examination of change scores between these two variables revealed no systematic relationship. Conclusions Our cross-sectional and longitudinal results failed to find a significant dose-dependent relationship between severity of negative symptoms and antipsychotic-related dopaminergic antagonism in schizophrenia. These findings argue against the notion that antipsychotics necessarily cause secondary negative symptoms. Our results are also in contrast with the behavioral effects of dopaminergic antagonism routinely reported in pre-clinical investigations, suggesting that the role of this variable in the context of chronic treatment and schizophrenia needs to be re-examined.en_GB
dc.language.isoenen_GB
dc.publisherSpringeren_GB
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccessen_GB
dc.subjectSchizophreniaen_GB
dc.subjectDopamineen_GB
dc.subjectAntipsychotic drugs -- Side effectsen_GB
dc.subjectExtrapyramidal tractsen_GB
dc.titleLack of association between dopaminergic antagonism and negative symptoms in schizophrenia : a positron emission tomography dopamine D2/3 receptor occupancy studyen_GB
dc.typearticleen_GB
dc.rights.holderThe copyright of this work belongs to the author(s)/publisher. The rights of this work are as defined by the appropriate Copyright Legislation or as modified by any successive legislation. Users may access this work and can make use of the information contained in accordance with the Copyright Legislation provided that the author must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the prior permission of the copyright holderen_GB
dc.description.reviewedpeer-revieweden_GB
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s00213-016-4415-6-
dc.publication.titlePsychopharmacologyen_GB
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