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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Brincat, Svetlana Doris | - |
dc.contributor.author | Borg, Marika | - |
dc.contributor.author | Camilleri, Georgette | - |
dc.contributor.author | Calleja-Agius, Jean | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-08-17T09:51:21Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-08-17T09:51:21Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2014 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Brincat, S. D., Borg, M., Camilleri, G., & Calleja-Agius, J. (2014). The role of cytokines in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Minerva Ginecologica, 66(4), 391-407. | en_GB |
dc.identifier.uri | https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/59508 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a silent systemic progressive disease characterised by a decrease in bone mass per unit volume. This condition compromises the physical strength of the skeleton and increases the susceptibility to fractures on minor trauma. The imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption is known to be responsible for postmenopausal bone loss. Estrogen deficiency contributes to bone loss by increasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by bone marrow and bone cells. Clinical and molecular evidence indicates that estrogen-regulated cytokines exert regulatory effects on bone turnover implicating their role as being the primary mediators of the accelerated bone loss at menopause. The current perspective on the role and interaction of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, TNF, IFN-γ and TGF-β in bone loss linked with estrogen deficiency is reviewed. Current treatment options and emerging drug therapies in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis are also evaluated. | en_GB |
dc.language.iso | en | en_GB |
dc.publisher | Edizioni Minerva Medica | en_GB |
dc.rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess | en_GB |
dc.subject | Bone | en_GB |
dc.subject | Estrogen | en_GB |
dc.subject | Cytokines | en_GB |
dc.subject | Menopause | en_GB |
dc.subject | Osteoporosis | en_GB |
dc.title | The role of cytokines in postmenopausal osteoporosis | en_GB |
dc.type | article | en_GB |
dc.rights.holder | The copyright of this work belongs to the author(s)/publisher. The rights of this work are as defined by the appropriate Copyright Legislation or as modified by any successive legislation. Users may access this work and can make use of the information contained in accordance with the Copyright Legislation provided that the author must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the prior permission of the copyright holder. | en_GB |
dc.description.reviewed | peer-reviewed | en_GB |
dc.publication.title | Minerva Ginecologica | en_GB |
Appears in Collections: | Scholarly Works - FacM&SAna |
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