Paediatric first aid knowledge amongst Caregivers : an exploratory study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore caregivers' knowledge about paediatric first aid (PFA). The objectives of this research were to explore the PFA knowledge of caregivers; to note if first aid (FA) knowledge is affected by the person's gender, education and/or occupation; to identify sources of knowledge in FA; and to inquire if caregivers feel the need to learn more or update their FA knowledge. This study adopted a quantitative research approach and used self-administered, structured questionnaires to explore PFA knowledge of caregivers of children of a primary school age. A sample of 308 were consecutively sampled, of whom, 137 completed the questionnaires, resulting in 44.5% response rate. Data was analysed manually by the researcher. Open-ended questions were analysed, categorised and illustrated in pie charts, whilst closed-ended questions were analysed using bar charts. Results from this study found that more FA knowledge is needed; only 35% of participants answered more than 75% of the answers correctly. Caregivers knew least about FA for poisoning. Furthermore, light was shed on common misconceptions specifically: putting ice or butter on a burn, putting objects in the mouth of a child enduring a febrile convulsion and tilting the head back during a nosebleed. Additionally, a trend was noticed such that as education level increases, caregivers scored better. Findings reveal that the most popular FA source of information is television (38%). Family and people one meets accounted for 30.7% of participants' source of knowledge. However, only 16.7% attended a certified FA course. Nevertheless, it seems attending a FA course did not make a difference in knowledge. It is evident that more knowledge is needed as 94.5% of participants stated such. As a result of this study, limitations and recommendations for research, education and practice were suggested. Such recommendations involve: including PF A teaching in parentcraft talks; making PF A a prerequisite for anyone taking care of children; and including FA as part of the national curriculum. Research could explore the efficacy of sources of information in the delivery of good FA knowledge and identify variables that may hinder a person from seeking more knowledge.