Understanding some of the challenges faced by children who are forced to move into care : their academic progress, mental health and behavioural dynamics

Abstract

Children living in residential care (CLRC) are disadvantaged when compared to other children in care, such as foster care. Literature shows that in education, these children tend to lag behind. The experience of being removed from their birth parents increases the risk of mental health issues. Furthermore, this experience can lead to behavioural problems, such as increased aggression. This dissertation intended to understand the challenges faced by CLRC, particularly concerning; their academic progress, mental health and behavioural dynamics; what support they are provided with in Malta; and how these could be alleviated. These areas were explored through the semi-structured interviews held with five professionals who work with CLRC via a qualitative approach. The data collected was analysed using thematic analysis and four themes have emerged, which encompass other sub-themes. The initial theme consisted of the common challenges CLRC encounter; the second theme discussed the non-supportive social context as an added challenge; the third theme talked about the help provided to CLRC; and the fourth theme discussed ways to overcome obstacles. This study showed that giving a voice to CLRC could help them in expressing their opinions and feelings better. It also highlighted the need for more resources, so these children could experience stability in their lives - stability in staff and stability in residential care. The need for workers who are in touch with CLRC (including care workers and educators) to be properly trained was also put forward. Through training, more sensitivity and more ability in comprehending these children’s challenges and experiences could take place. Moreover, this study raised the need for a multidisciplinary, systemic and holistic mode of support to CLRC. This could help in addressing these children’s challenges as they arise, to eventually ameliorate their quality of life.