A current perspective into young female sex hormone replacement : a review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Hormone replacement in females with hypogonadism is advocated to address the various clinical aspects of estrogen deficiency.

AREAS COVERED: Hormone replacement in females with hypogonadism is advocated to address the various clinical aspects of estrogen deficiency.

EXPERT OPINION: Whilst traditionally oral contraceptive pills (containing ethynyl estradiol) were commonly used as a form of hormone replacement, it is now increasingly recognized that this is not the optimal treatment option. Physiological hormone replacement with transdermal estradiol is found to be superior. Evidence suggests that micronized progesterone may be associated with fewer side effects, although its effect on endometrial protection is not yet proven. Synthetic progestins confer varying degrees of androgenic and thromboembolic properties which should be kept in mind when prescribing individualized treatment. Further studies in different sub-cohorts of female patients with hypogonadism might help address the specific needs of individual patients.