Tsunami risk perception in Malta

Abstract

There have been several studies about the effects and implications a tsunami event would have on the Maltese islands. However, no studies have been conducted on the Maltese population's perception of tsunami risk. This study aims to understand how the Maltese population perceives a tsunami risk while also spreading awareness about this potential hazard. The intended outcome from this study is to highlight the need for management plans to be outlined and to make recommendations on the creation of such plans according to the findings of this study. Tsunami risk perception in Malta was compared to tsunami risk perception in Italy in order to deduce any similarities that might emerge. Online questionnaires were used in order to establish an understanding of what the Maltese population perceives of tsunamis. This method of data collection successfully reached all localities, age groups, educational levels, and population subgroups. 402 responses were accumulated which is a sufficient sample on which observations could be made due to the relatively small population size of the Maltese islands. Results showed that the respondents that resided closer to shore demonstrated a higher level of awareness. However, on the whole, the majority of respondents are knowledgeable and aware of tsunami hazards. Nevertheless, not all forms of tsunamis were given the same level of gravity by respondents despite the high destructive capabilities of all tsunamis irrespective of size. From the results, the need for a risk mitigation, preparedness and recovery plan also emerged.