Energy-related air pollution in Malta : black carbon measurements by use of a mobile aethalometer

Abstract

Black Carbon (BC) is the component of fine particulate matter that is associated with energy use. It affects human health and is a significant contributor to climate change. Black Carbon (BC) concentrations in the atmosphere have been assessed by gathering 130 air samples in Malta, recording more than 230 hours of real-time data. A mobile micro-Aethalometer (microAeth AE51) was used for the measurements. Samples were taken under various conditions, from clean rural areas to the most polluted roads. Results showed that the highest levels of exposure to BC pollution are experienced in enclosed areas such as parking lots and inside motor vehicles while driving. The results also showed that the highest levels of BC concentration in the Maltese islands occur during the morning and the afternoon. These two periods coincide with the peaks in road traffic. All results indicated that the main source of BC in the Maltese islands comes from land transportation, and mostly from diesel engines.