Use of anatomical side markers (ASMs) during planar x-ray imaging

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the perception and use of ASMs by radiographers working in a local radiology department in a general hospital in Malta and develop an information leaflet based on the outcomes of the study to promote awareness amongst radiographers highlighting areas of improvement of ASM use. Methodology: The study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 involving a retrospective observation of radiographs over 5 years, using a self-designed data record sheet and phase 2 the distribution of a self-designed questionnaire to radiographers evaluating their perception of the use of ASMs. Data obtained was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: In phase 1, 430 radiographs (86%) had evidence of ASM, of which 110 (25.6%) had a pre-exposure ASM and 320 (74.4%) had a post-processing ASM. The remaining 14% of radiographs had no evidence of either a pre-exposure or post-processing ASM. Two hundred and eighty two (282) (56.4%) of the radiographs having either pre-exposure or post-processing ASMs were placed according to stipulated guidelines. In phase 2, 15.4% of respondents stated that they prefer using pre-exposure ASM during practice while 84.6% of the respondents stated that they prefer using post-processing ASMs. Seventy seven percent (76.6%) of radiographers find it often or occasionally time consuming when applying pre-exposure ASMs. The average percentage score of correct answers to find out the radiographers’ knowledge about the guidelines was estimated to be 60.5%. Conclusion: The study showed non-use and misuse of ASMs by radiographers indicating improvement in some areas. Preference in using post-processing ASMs was shown over the use of pre-exposure ASMs. Both phase 1 and 2 of the study were generally in agreement showing the need of more awareness on the use of pre-exposure ASMs hence the reason why an information leaflet was distributed in the radiology department where the study took place.