Utilisation of geographic information systems in research fields of study through the Planning Authority

Abstract

A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer-based tool for mapping and analysing things that exist and events that happen on Earth. GIS technology integrates common database operations such as query and statistical analysis with the unique visualisation and geographic analysis benefits offered by maps. These abilities distinguish GIS from other information systems and make it valuable to a wide range of public and private enterprises for explaining events, predicting outcomes, and planning strategies. Map making and geographic analysis are not new, but a GIS performs these tasks better and faster than do the old manual methods. And, before GIS technology, only a few people had the skills necessary to use geographic information to help with decision making and problem solving. Contributions of data can be systematic or ad hoc, coming from civic groups, schools, local institutions, and informed individuals. Local users can make significant contributions of their local knowledge, identify gaps in existing data resources, and identify errors. Developing the technical and institutional means to support creation and contribution of local knowledge presents a novel challenge to technologists and decision makers alike. Today, GIS is a multi-billion-dollar industry employing hundreds of thousands of people world-wide. GIS is taught in schools, colleges, and universities throughout the world. Professionals in every field are increasingly aware of the advantages of thinking and working geographically.