Migration in the Mediterranean region : the cooperation between Algeria-EU/France

Abstract

The process of resettling people from one place or location within a state in the world to another is known as migration. More specifically, the movement across the international borders from one country to another by people has been established to be international migration. People across the world have been migrating from their homes to other places in the world in the quest for economic based opportunities, education or running away from conflict. By 2020, 272 million people had migrated globally, which is a figure that has already surpassed the anticipated number by 2050, which was expected to be 230 million people worldwide. Through a six-chapters analysis, this paper aims to provide insights into migration in the Mediterranean through an in-depth analysis of the routes used, looking into factors that push these people to migrate from their mother countries and the pulling factors that attract them to migrate. More so, the paper will provide well-analysed challenges that the migrants have faced through the Mediterranean migration considering factors such as Islamism and terrorism. Using a literature review from scholars, policy makers, experts and other researchers, the paper will help analyse the European Union perspective in addressing the migration crisis, especially irregular migration, it will also provide a case study of migration involving Algeria and France. Lastly, the research will establish the role of France and Algeria in mitigating irregular migration in the Mediterranean and other related topics surrounding the migration with the scope of highlighting the cooperation between the two countries. It will then suggest some recommendations in addressing this security threat in the Mediterranean. This paper will use quantitative data from Frontex, IOM and UNHCR reports and qualitative data as we will analyse the different existing policies. Sources of information such as newspaper, press release, news tv will be used as the migration issue is in constant evolvement. This thesis aims to gain a better understanding on the migration in the Mediterranean region with a focus on migration from Algeria to France. An interview with Mr. Mohammed El Razzaz, Regional Coordinator at the Secretariat of the Union for the Mediterranean has been added to this research paper, highlighting the active presence of Algeria and its contribution to the UFM activities.