The multi-tasking member of parliament : the role of the backbench (2008-2017)

Abstract

This dissertation presents a form of a discussion on the role of the MP's backbenchers, which can be divided into three linked functions – the scrutinizer of the Executive, the constituency representative, and the hat of the partisan. These three roles have always existed and developed through the years. Some backbencher members might be more active in one role than another. Indeed, they have preferences and may be engaged in multiple roles, including a position that has nothing to do with the parliamentary task. Government Backbenchers in today's political discourse are promoted to the frontbench in other ways, not giving much importance to their role. This dissertation focuses on the government backbencher's roles during two consecutive legislatures administered by the two main political parties – the Christian Democratic Nationalist Party (Partit Nazzjonalista) and the social democratic Labour Party (Partit Laburista). It always has been expected that government backbenchers support their respective party, help constituents with their individual needs, look after their collective interests, and check that the government's policies are adopted democratically and, above all, serve the common good. These roles have always existed, but the balance between them has alternated. In our political culture, the partisan role dominates the Maltese Parliament, the constituency role has expanded beyond all recognition, and the scrutiny role by the government backbench needs to be more clearly defined for various reasons. In other words, the scrutiny role is creating a dilemma for the backbench at the heart of parliamentary government, as they are being tagged as part of the Executive, which in turn is negatively affecting checks and balances on government control over decisions and parliamentary democracy in general.