‘The habit does not make the monk, but we recognize the monk by his habit’ : a critical analysis of the extent of the impact and relevance of ‘dress code’ in the evolving work practices of the Malta public service

Abstract

Clothing serves as a versatile medium for social dynamics, identity expression, and communication that crosses cultures, ages, and circumstances. Dress plays a big part in institutional and professional situations beyond just expressing oneself. Academics who study professional attire discuss how dress codes at work might impact employee behaviour, productivity, and even how people perceive authority. In addition, it is also vital to investigate how customers' wardrobe preferences in various service industries affect their perceptions of the level of professionalism and service quality. The study will elucidate the importance of each person's discretion when choosing their attire, highlighting how clothing enables individuals to express their personalities, ideologies, and cultural affiliations. One's appearance acts as a vehicle for self-expression and a representation of their uniqueness. This perspective supports the idea that allowing people to change their appearances to suit their preferences promotes variety and human agency. On the other hand, clothing has a significant role in promoting a sense of belonging, authority, and cohesion among groups or institutions. Academic studies shall portray that clothing is extremely important in fostering members' shared identities and togetherness. This argument contends that uniforms and standardised attire produce a visual emblem that transcends personal preferences and promotes teamwork and shared pride. The debate between autonomy and cohesion in dress highlights the tension between individualism and communal identification. While individual freedom allows for self-expression and individuality, wearing a uniform can promote authority, cohesion, and a common feeling of purpose. To shed light on the study, four interviews were conducted with high-ranking officials in four areas of Public Administration. In addition, two focus groups were organised with potential future employees in the Public Service as well as current workers from different sectors of the Public Administration. Findings showed that there is the need of an update of the current ‘dress code’ enshrined in the Public Service Management Code, as well as a holistic approach on an inter-Ministerial level with the aim to endorse new working norms and a multi-cultural and diverse workforce.