The extinction of experience : exploring nature contact and connectedness amongst university staff and students

Abstract

The theory of Extinction of Experience (EoE), first introduced by Pyle in 1978, suggests a decreasing trend in human-nature interactions over time. This study investigates nature contact, nature connectedness, and proenvironmental behaviours among students and staff at the University of Malta, with the aim of exploring generational differences, providing an empirical foundation for evaluating the EoE hypothesis. A survey was distributed to a combined population of 376 respondents, measuring various aspects of nature contact (intentional, incidental, indirect), nature connectedness using the Nature Relatedness Scale (NR-21), and pro-environmental behaviours. Results indicate significant age-related differences in nature connectedness and pro-environmental behaviours but with no clear pattern across generations. Nature contact showed no significant differences across age groups, although indirect contact was most common for all. The quality of natural areas visited was consistently rated poorly, potentially affecting motivation for intentional contact. Overall, younger generations exhibited lower nature connectedness and fewer pro-environmental behaviours. The findings provide partial but inconclusive support for the EoE hypothesis. The study highlights the importance of quality nature contact and early childhood experiences in promoting long-term environmental stewardship.