Gender segregation in tertiary education in the European Union with a focus on Malta

Abstract

This dissertation delves into the complex issue of gender segregation within tertiary education across the EU, with a specialised focus on Malta, spanning a period from 2012 to 2022. Recognising the persistent challenge of gender disparity in education attainment and field of study selection, this research employs a mixed-method approach incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data. By integrating statistical data with in-depth qualitative documentary sources, this research aims to provide an understanding of the multifaceted matter of gender segregation in tertiary education. Central to this research are two primary questions. Firstly, “What is the extent of gender segregation in Malta and how does it compare to the EU average?” This comparative analysis offers insights into social-cultural and institutional factors shaping gender dynamics within Malta’s educational landscape. Moreover, by situating Malta within the wider European context, this research facilitates a comprehensive understanding of regional trends and disparities in gender segregation within tertiary education. Secondly, “What policy measures are being taken at EU level and in Malta to address gender segregation in tertiary education?” Through this question, the researcher aims to examine from a policy perspective what the EU and Malta are doing to prevent gender segregation in tertiary educational institutions. Along with this, the study revealed that gender segregation in tertiary education persists in both Malta and the EU. Despite advances, gender disparities persist, particularly in fields like education, health, and welfare, engineering, and STEM. The study found that gender segregation remains a significant challenge reflecting broader societal trends. Furthermore, policy measures at both the EU and Malta levels were explored, highlighting initiatives aimed at addressing this issue. These findings underscore the ongoing importance of targeted interventions to promote gender equality and inclusivity in education and beyond. This dissertation offers a comprehensive analysis of gender segregation in tertiary education, shedding light on its causes, consequences, and potential remedies. Ultimately, by elucidating the underlying mechanisms that maintain gender disparities and the policies being done, this research seeks to contribute towards the realisation of greater gender equality within Malta’s educational landscape and the broader European Union.