Roadmap to greener seaports : a bibliographic analysis

Abstract

Seaports play a crucial role in global trade, acting as key hubs in international logistics networks. However, the growth of maritime activities has led to significant environmental challenges, including elevated carbon emissions and pollution. This paper presents an in-depth bibliometric analysis of sustainable and smart port initiatives, utilizing data from the Web of Science database to identify trends, key contributors, and technological advancements. The study focuses on the adoption of innovative technologies, such as All-Electric Ships, smart grids, and renewable energy systems, which are essential for modernizing port operations and reducing environmental impact. The analysis categorizes initiatives into five main areas: Energy & Fuels, Climate & Air, Port & City, Waste & Circular Economy, and Environment & Biodiversity. The findings highlight the potential of hybrid microgrid systems and advanced digital solutions in enhancing energy management and operational efficiency. Policy frameworks, including differentiated carbon pricing and global port incentive programs, are proposed as effective measures to align seaport sustainability with global decarbonization goals. This research provides a concise overview of current developments and outlines future strategies for achieving sustainable port infrastructure.