Exploring bus reform in Malta

Abstract

A multiperspectival approach to discourse analysis is used in relation to the Malta bus reform in 2011. This is done by applying a Foucauldian approach to the concept of power, combined with two existing theories of discourse analysis that follow his philosophy, Laclau and Mouffe’s discourse theory and Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis. The tools of analysis include nodal points, concepts of identity, discursive practice and text. Maltese residents and tourists were interviewed as the research sample. The discourse analysis reveals the contrasts between the two different population groups. Maltese residents showed the extent to which a car-oriented mentality influenced their discourse and the tourists’ discourse portrayed pro-environmental characteristics. The discourse analysis was successful in revealing the effects of the bus reform on social norms and the participants’ subsequent attitudes.