Beyond the wound : the experiences of patients in Gozo living with chronic venous leg ulcers

Abstract

Background: Chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLU) significantly impact patients' physical, emotional, and social well-being. This study described the lived experiences of CVLU patients in Gozo, where unique healthcare factors influence the management of these conditions. Objectives: To describe the physical, emotional, and psychological effects of CVLU, coping strategies, impacts on identity and social relationships, and patients’ perceptions of the healthcare service available in Gozo. Design: This qualitative study employed the Husserlian descriptive phenomenology, guided by Colaizzi’s seven-step method of analysis. Participants: Eight patients (five males and three females) living with CVLU in Gozo participated in the study. The group included lifelong Gozitan residents, Maltese retirees, and foreign nationals. All were receiving treatment in Gozo Methodology: Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, beginning with an open question about living with CVLU. A semi-structured guide was used to ensure consistency and depth, validated through back-translation. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Results: Findings revealed five emergent themes: 1) Complications and symptoms of CVLU; 2) Impact on daily life and loss of independence; 3) Emotional and psychological effects; 4) Coping mechanisms and resilience; and 5) Support systems and medical care. These themes were analysed through the lens of the Biopsychosocial Model (BPSM). Conclusion: This study highlights the complex challenges faced by patients in Gozo living with CVLU and underscores the need for holistic, patient-centred care that addresses not only physical symptoms but also emotional well-being and social support within the local context.