The implications of the Kurdish question on Turkey’s path to European Union membership

Abstract

This dissertation aims to explore the Kurdish problem and its impact on Turkey joining the EU. This study sheds light upon minority rights, democracy, and national identity. By utilising official documents and reports, it checks how Turkish political words and policies regarding Kurds changed much from the start of President Erdoğan’s rule until now. The findings show that even though talks of EU membership first spurred some changes, later progress stopped because of growing authoritarianism and a nationalist response. Domestically, the Kurdish problem is used to defend security actions and quiet opposition; Internationally, Turkey links this issue with discussions in the EU and NATO. Moreover, both EU political pressure and Turkey’s focus on stability have limited real change. The unresolved Kurdish issue remains a major obstacle to Turkey’s EU integration, showcasing deeper problems with democracy and minority rights.