Policies for developing leaders : a qualitative analysis of practices in the Armed Forces of Malta

Abstract

This dissertation explores the Human Resources (HR) policies and practices employed for leadership development within the Armed Forces of Malta (AFM), a small but operationally complex military organisation. This study was motivated by the increasing recognition of leadership as a critical capability for both military and civilian institutions. AFM officers face unique demands stemming from their dual operational and administrative responsibilities in a context marked by limited resources and a broad security remit, making them an ideal case study. A qualitative research design was adopted, employing semi-structured interviews with eight commissioned officers across various units within the AFM. The data was analysed using thematic analysis with the aid of NVivo software, identifying key themes related to leadership roles, development practices, and perceived policy gaps. The findings indicate that while AFM officers are committed and adaptive, the current HR structures supporting leadership development are fragmented. Although initial training and informal mentorship are valued, officers reported a lack of standardised policies, inconsistent development experiences, and limited career progression planning. Additionally, many felt unprepared for the human resource challenges they face in leadership roles, highlighting a need for more comprehensive training in personnel management. These findings suggest that the AFM would benefit from a more structured and strategic HR approach to leadership development. Conclusions drawn advocate for the integration of formal leadership policies, clearer succession planning, and enhanced support for informal learning mechanisms. The implications of this research extend beyond the AFM, offering insights for similarly sized military and security organisations, as well as other entities seeking to invest substantially in strengthening leadership capabilities through HR-driven initiatives.