Overview of the pathogenesis and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Abstract

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a silent systemic progressive disease characterised by a decrease in bone mass per unit volume, compromising the physical strength of the skeleton and enhancing susceptibility to fractures on minor trauma. The progressive loss of bone tissue occurs as a result of an imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption subsequent to oestrogen deficiency. The aim of this overview is to shed light on the pathophysiology, aetiology and diagnostic techniques for this metabolic bone disorder. It demonstrates current treatment options and evaluates the emerging pharmacological therapies in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.