Tactical urbanism as a catalyst shaping people-centred mobility in Malta through experimentation

Abstract

As Euro-Mediterranean cities grapple with traffic congestion, limited public space and rising climate vulnerabilities, there is growing interest in adaptable, citizen-led solutions to reframe urban mobility. This paper explores the role of tactical urbanism – temporary, low-cost and participatory interventions – as a strategic tool for testing and transitioning towards more resilient and sustainable mobility systems, centring on the Maltese Islands. Malta’s long-lasting car-centric culture has posed significant barriers to mobility transformation. At the same time, its compact urban form offers potential for tactical experimentation. This paper presents some key case studies that have attempted to push the tactical urbanism agenda. These include the Slow Streets project, which positioned tactical urbanism as a key mobility strategy. Other examples include initiatives within the Vjal Kulhadd projects, sustainable mobility guidance for Local Councils and efforts to establish temporary play streets and weekend street closures. These endeavours have aimed to reimagine urban streetscapes as shared, flexible and inclusive spaces, though not without challenges. A notable case is Mosta Square, where pedestrianisation during weekends sparked political and community controversy but also demonstrated how temporary closures can challenge car dominance and reclaim civic space. Localised play street projects – facilitated through short-term road closures and signage – have generally been well-received, fostering social and recreational functions. The paper explores why some projects are more successful than others, suggesting that the interventions’ temporary nature might influence community acceptance. Ultimately, the research argues that these modest interventions may influence behavioural changes and promote institutional learning. They serve as prototypes for longer-term spatial and policy shifts. The conclusion calls for formalising tactical urbanism as a core component in mobility planning across Euro-Mediterranean regions, emphasising its potential to address spatial constraints, promote civic engagement and enable low-risk experimentation to drive sustainable urban transitions.