The mental well-being of female ex-offenders : an exploration through the lens of female ex-offenders and individuals or professionals working in the field of criminal justice

Abstract

The research study explores the effectiveness of Malta’s correctional and rehabilitative system in ensuring the mental well-being of female ex/offenders. It particularly delves deeper into the existing gaps, which revolve around current service provision for female ex/offenders within the local context. With the aim of contributing to local research regarding the mental well-being of these females, the research explores subjective insights and primary experiences through the implementation of a qualitative research method. The latter was facilitated through a semi-structured interview with one female ex-offender who is neither diagnosed with a mental health problem, nor under psychiatric care and two focus groups, each involving five professionals. The latter included social workers, family therapists, psychologists, psychotherapists, care-plan coordinators, and others involved in the field of criminal justice. The data collected from this study was analysed using a Thematic Analysis. Emerging main themes included: ‘Incarceration Risk Factors’, ‘The Incarceration Trajectory’, ‘Barriers to Re-integration’, ‘Gaps in the System’, and ‘The Way Forward’. Results stemming from the study reconfirm the need for gender-specific programmes, halfway houses for female ex-offenders, after care services, support to the multidisciplinary team, and training opportunities to correctional staff. Hence, highlighting the necessity for reform within the current criminal justice system to meet the unique needs of female offenders and address existing gaps.