Walk the talk — understanding perceptions of walkability in Paola, Malta, as a key component of the 15-minute city

Abstract

The research investigates the socio-spatial dynamics of walkability in the urban context of Paola, Malta. Grounded in the concept of the 15-Minute City, the study set out to understand how people’s perceptions of proximity and walkability can inform spatial planning policies. Using Mapping for Change to map survey responses, data was collected to analyse participant perceptions regarding their walking experiences within Paola’s town centre. The research objectives were threefold: to identify factors that contribute to walking in dense urban environments, to explore how pedestrians’ perceptions of the environment can be used to shape spatial planning policies, and to assess the existing policy landscape concerning walkability. The study reveals that while the urban fabric of Paola supports active mobility, improvements in infrastructure, such as wider pavements and increased amenities like trees and benches, are necessary to enhance walkability. Additionally, the research highlights discrepancies between policy formulation and implementation, particularly in promoting sustainable mobility. The findings suggest that although national policies emphasize active travel, tangible action is less forthcoming. The results underscore the importance of engaging communities in planning processes and call for policies that foster safer, more attractive environments for pedestrians. Through this research, participants’ perceptions provided key indications about what can encourage active mobility and improve urban liveability, reinforcing the 15-Minute City framework for Malta.