Public service policy analysis : perceptions of HR strategies in Malta’s public service

Abstract

This research explores the effectiveness of Human Resource (HR) strategies and policies in addressing workplace bullying, sexual harassment, and victimisation within the Maltese Public Service. Adopting a qualitative approach, it combines document analysis of official publications with semi-structured interviews conducted with HR professionals to assess whether existing frameworks promote a safe and respectful work environment. The findings indicate a significant gap between policy and practice, largely due to limited awareness, inconsistent training, and fear of retaliation. This gap is further exacerbated by an unsupportive organisational culture, unclear reporting structures, and fragmented support mechanisms, all of which hinder the effective implementation of protective measures. In response to these challenges, participants emphasised the need for clearer communication, comprehensive training at all levels, and stronger leadership accountability. Based on the findings, the study recommends improving HR policy communication and enforcement through mandatory onboarding, anonymous reporting systems, and leadership engagement. Though based on a small, role-specific sample in Malta’s public service, the study offers valuable insights into how institutional actors interpret HR frameworks, contributing to wider discussions on organisational and cultural barriers to policy implementation.