The transformation of conservation strategies in a digital era : the case for St Paul’s Anglican pro-cathedral

Abstract

Malta’s rich cultural heritage context hosts three UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including that of its capital, Valletta. The tower and spire at St Paul’s Anglican Pro-Cathedral (1839–1846), one of the most significant landmarks in Valletta’s skyline, has been the subject of a seven-year restoration campaign (2017–2024). This paper aims to analyse the use of digital technologies before, during and after the restoration works of this monument. A transdisciplinary approach was adopted from the early stages of the project, enabling information and knowledge to be collected from stakeholders across various disciplines, during a period of rapid transformation of digital technologies and tools. Unlike previous conservation efforts, where digital tools were often used in isolation, this study presents an integrated, transdisciplinary framework in which data collected from ground penetrating radar (GPR), UAV inspections and photogrammetry exercises, Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM) and community narratives were synthesized throughout the restoration lifecycle. The restoration campaign included for the installation of an Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) system and a Structural Health Monitoring System, to enable the continual monitoring of the structure. Results show that the use of such technologies allowed for conservation strategies to be developed in a holistic manner, benefiting the restoration works on the tower and spire. Conclusions from this study demonstrate that digital technologies utilised throughout the lifespan of the project, in a live, decision-making environment, ensured a comprehensive approach to the restoration of built heritage, during the works and for future interventions.