Mitigating power quality issues due to renewable energy in Maltese LV distribution networks with battery energy storage systems

Abstract

Traditional electricity distribution systems have predominantly relied on centralized generation, limiting their ability to integrate diverse energy sources. As the penetration of renewables increase further, innovative solutions are essential to maintain network reliability and efficiency. This study investigates the integration of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) into low-voltage networks, addressing the challenges posed by the increasing adoption of renewable energy sources. A detailed analysis of energy storage integration was conducted, including simulations of low-voltage feeders with integrated BESSs, along with the strategies used for optimal BESS placement and capacity sizing. Two discharge strategies (peak shaving and load following) were evaluated to assess their impact on power flow dynamics within the network. Simulation results show that peak shaving significantly enhances the voltage stability along the feeder. Additionally, the research highlights that peak shaving offers advantages over load following, primarily due to operational flexibility requirements. The integration of BESSs not only improves network performance by minimizing energy wastage and maximizing solar energy utilization but also promotes sustainability by improving power quality within low-voltage distribution networks.