Evidence-based smoking cessation and the family doctor

Abstract

Background In Malta smoking is widespread and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Family doctors are well-placed to provide smoking cessation advice to their patients. Objective The aim of this review is to assist family doctors in helping their patients quit smoking by informing them of evidence-based therapies. Method The online Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews within the Cochrane Library was searched for metaanalyses and systematic reviews related to various smoking cessation interventions. Results Effective non-pharmacological interventions include individual counselling (face to face and over the telephone), text-messaging and group therapy. Smoking cessation medications that are successful and licensed comprise nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion and varenicline. Combining behavioural support and pharmacotherapy increases smoking cessation success. Conclusion By following the 5As technique for smoking cessation based on evidence-based interventions, family doctors can have a considerable influence on the health of smokers by helping them to quit.