Archaeology, archaeogenetics, and identity genetic research within the Maltese context

Abstract

The discipline of archaeology is historically bound to identity, be it national, ethnic or otherwise. Such a bond is inherently political. This means that archaeology is also a political activity. As one of the most recent developments in archaeology – and amongst the most consequential – archaeogenetics can also contribute to politics. Indeed, archaeogenetic discoveries are adding a new dimension to questions of identity. The close relationship between archaeogenetics and identity is attested by the vast amounts of studies that are being carried out, both on the micro- (Maltese and European genetic make-up) and macro-scale (human and Neanderthal genome). Given the current political climate in Europe and Malta, which has seen a steady rise in nationalistic and xenophobic sentiments, as well as the sensitive nature of the subject matter, archaeogenetic discoveries can provoke a wide range of reactions. It is the intention of this study, therefore, to explore the public perception of archaeogenetic discoveries in the European and Maltese context, particularly its socio-political implications. In addition, the study will also investigate the consequences of archaeogenetic research, by examining the discipline’s development, in theory and in practice, as well as its impact on the broader discipline of archaeology.