Family involvement in the care of the elderly in community residential homes.

Abstract

The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the views that healthcare workers (HCWs) have regarding the significance of involving the family in the care of the elderly in community residential homes (CRHs). The objectives of this study were to explore and identify which aspects of care HCWs would like the family to be included in elderly care. This study shall attempt to explore the significance of family involvement in relation to person-centred care and which aspects of care the family could contribute towards elderly care in a residential home (RH). This study shall identify whether HCWs encourage the family to participate in elderly care and whether the family is viewed as a help or hindrance in the care of the elderly. A quantitative study was utilised, using a structured, descriptive questionnaire which was distributed to a convenience sample of 45 participants working in CRHs. An encouraging response rate of 62% was achieved. The results were analysed by means of descriptive statistics and the extracted data was inputted in Excel charts so as to provide illustration by means of bars, pie charts and tables. Further comments were analysed by content analysis. HCWs showed that, in theory, family involvement was commended, however, this view was not transferred in practice because family involvement was deemed stressful and

created conflicting ideas in the delivery of care. Reasons for these discrepancies could be due to the lack of experience, deficiencies in skills and knowledge, and resistance to change of HCWs. However, the majority of HCWs believed that when families were involved in the care of their elderly relatives, residents were 'happy' and more compliant to care. This was particularly true where cognitively impaired residents were concerned, in which case, challenging behaviour was remarkably appeased. Family involvement in elderly care has a direct impact on the resident in long-term care. A holistic and a person-centred approach in elderly care with the direct involvement of family members should be carried out in practice to enhance therapeutic relationships, whilst enhancing the quality of life of the resident. Communication and collaboration between HCWs and families is a priority in caring for the elderly living in CRHs. The organisation itself needs to adapt to a culture change so as to involve the family in care by creating policies and guidelines. The appointment of a family liaison officer in every CRH can contribute to the development of family centred care pathways and policies. Training of staff is imperative towards ensuring that all HCWs are aware of the benefits that can be reaped out of involving the family in most aspects of elderly care. Ultimately, focussing on family-centred long-term care by encouraging family relationships in the CRHs can provide important emotional, spiritual, and health benefits to the elderly resident.