The use of play therapy on the paediatric oncology ward

Abstract

Literature suggests that sick children undergo a period of great stress and anxiety· when they are hospitalised (Landier & Tse, 2010). This stress is felt even more by paediatric oncology patients who are hospitalised for long periods of time and undergo strenuous and painful treatment (Bjork et al., 2006). It is also acknowledged that play is an immensely important part of the child's hospitalisation as it helps in providing normality while aiding in assessment, preparation for procedures, in assimilation of information and gaining of control over frightening situations (Wilmot, 2007). There are professionals specialising in play, who train in identifying the needs and fears of hospitalised children through the use of play, while working together with other health care professionals (O'Conner, 2006). However, play specialists can only fulfil a small part of the child's need to play (Hall & Reet, 2000). This study which adopts an exploratory, non-experimental design was undertaken to explore the nmses' views regarding the use of play therapy in the paediatric oncology in the local setting. Seven nurses working on the local paediatric oncology ward were selected by purposive sampling from a target population of nine. A structured interview schedule was used as a tool. Overall findings revealed that nurses value play and recognize its importance in the child's life, even while in hospital. However, only a minimal number of participants seem to grasp the real meaning of play therapy. On the local paediatric oncology ward, play is common and encouraged, although its therapeutic use is limited. Participants recognized the importance that nurses have in the provision of play. The majority also agreed that everyone should be involved in play. The role of current 'play teachers' raised some concerns as the type of play they provide is very limited and they are only present during school hours. Nurses showed some knowledge about the role of play specialists and agreed that having someone specialised in therapeutic play would help, even though he/she has to work very closely with the rest of the team. A number of possible future improvements in relation to play therapy were also identified. Recommendations regarding research, clinical practice and education were provided based on these findings.