Exploring the management of dry skin in an elderly residence

Abstract

Statistics show that the ageing population in Malta is increasing and dry skin is associated with an ageing skin. It is important for the geriatric population to take good care of dry skin to prevent from additional complications. Since the majority of the elderly people who are living in an institution are being cared for by nurses, it is vital for nurses to have a good understanding of the management of dry skin in order to prevent the geriatric population from living with the burden associated with dry skin. The aim of this small scale exploratory study is to investigate the management of dry skin in the elderly population. The data was collected by means of self-structured internally mailed questionnaire. The sample was chosen by systematic sampling from an eligible population of 155 nurses of which 24 nurses participated in this study. The tool included 13 closed-ended questions and 5 open-ended that directly explored five dimensions in the management of dry skin. The study revealed that the majority of the nurses surveyed are aware of the signs and symptoms of dry skin and its complications. Exogenous and endogenous factors influencing dry skin, both positive and negative, were identified. The most frequently reported factors were the use of soaps and bubble baths, the application of emollients and creams and the importance of nutrition. Overall, the participants showed a satisfactory understanding towards the management of dry skin. However, the majority of nurses emphasized the need for more education on this topic in order to promote better practice in dermatology. One conclusion that warrants further investigation is the development of emollient therapy according to the patient's individual needs, together with an information sheet for the nurses to provide adequate skin care. Additional research should also explore nurses' view regarding the management of dry skin in acute settings and the possible implementation of the bag/basinless bath.