Home economics education in Maltese primary schools : an exploratory study

Abstract

The Maltese National Minimum Curriculum emphasises the importance of a holistic education for Primary school children and although Home Economics education at Primary level is not officially included within the new curriculum, the subject could have a significant role in reaching this goal. Previous research carried out locally has focused on Home Economics themes within the Primary school curriculum. In contrast, this study has investigated the prevalence of Home Economics topics in their own right within the implemented curriculum. Interviews with non-State Primary school teachers and headteachers uncovered the Home Economics topics tackled in these schools, since they do not necessarily follow the same syllabus as State schools. This led to the development of a survey questionnaire for which State and non-State school teachers were the respondents. Further qualitative research was carried out to gather information on the theme 'Healthy Lifestyles' adopted in one State school. This study shows that, to a certain degree, some Home Economics topics are being tackled in Primary classrooms especially during Social Studies lessons. The most common Home Economics topics included deal with 'Nutrition and Health', like for example 'healthy eating in general', 'dental care', 'health and well-being' and 'basic hygiene'. On the other hand, topics dealing with 'The Family and Other Relationships' are tackled in greatest detail. 'Friendships' is the major topic tackled within this section, whilst 'road safety' and 'care of the environment' are the main topics tackled in 'Home and Resource Management'. However, various constraints such as lack of time and school policy limit the inclusion of Home Economics topics. The school policy is largely determined by the headteacher and influences the extent to which Home Economics topics are included within the curriculum. Such findings have led to the recommendation of courses for headteachers and parents to highlight the need of Home Economics education at Primary level, as well as for practicing and aspiring Primary school teachers to guide them in adopting a thematic approach to Home Economics education. Furthermore, the recruitment of Home Economics co-ordinators within the school, together with peripatetic specialist teachers, would help support class teachers in the preparation of Home Economics activities, lessons and resources.