Funicular analysis of an intersecting-arch system using physical models

Abstract

The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a better understanding of an intersecting-arch system. The basic principles observed in two-dimensional arches are expounded and applied, under different scenarios, to this system of arches with a view to deriving different conclusions. The primary conclusion shows that two-way action is not achieved in this system of intersecting arches, except in one unique scenario. The study starts by giving a brief overview of the research carried out to date on arches, domes, vaults, and other types of shell structures. The subsequent analysis consists of the construction and use of physical models to better visualise the hypotheses being analysed. Geometric techniques are used to further illustrate this process and confirm the analysis observed. Different loading patterns are applied to the physical models to investigate the changes in geometry of each funicular and how these changes affect the resultant shape of the intersecting system of arches. It is believed that this method of analysis helps relate structural behaviour of two-dimensional arches and this intersecting system of arches to their geometry, and this is facilitated by the use of a hands-on approach through the physical models. The determining influence of span, length, sag, support conditions and load transfer provide intuitive understanding of these arches.