The social impact of tourism in small island states

Abstract

Tourism plays an important role in contributing to the economic growth of many small island states, mainly due to the fact that many of these countries offer important attractions to visitors and in addition these countries do not have any viable alternatives that permit economic development. The need to find a sense of equilibrium in understanding and interpreting sustainable tourism is important for small islands because of the effects that a negative impact could have on the characteristics, culture and environment that are so vital to the visitor experience and important factors for the success of such a vibrant socio-economic activity. Without these unique qualities, the tourism industry in small islands may lose those factors which attracted many visitors for relaxation, education or business. The principles of sustainable tourism express a common need to protect these vital qualities The main conclusions that can be derived from this study are that tourism has major economic benefits. This benefit is expressed in terms of greater opportunities for employment and therefore income for the resident population. On the other hand, the industry does present some negative impacts, including economic ones, such as the costs relating to the infrastructure, increase in the cost of living and land speculation. One of the respondents to the questionnaire set in connection with this study mentioned health costs including the "importation of parasites". The responses to the same questionnaire indicate that hospitality and courtesy are recognized as the primary qualities which enhance the tourism industry, but there was not an equal amount of emphasis placed on certain factors such as cleanliness and fair trade, both qualities that are normally appreciated by tourists. An issue of importance in this regard relates to the need for respecting the culture and traditions of the host country This is in line with the so-called ''responsible tourism" Dress, religion and the family tended to be high on the priority list for many of the respondents. The host society has a right to enjoy a good quality of life, dignity and style to which they have been accustomed. Tourism needs to be seen as the tool that ensures this diversity in lifestyle is maintained in the host destination. Insularity for small island states can ensure a certain sense of authenticity but it can also mean that a high price has to be paid to open up to tourism in order to attain a good quality of life.