Illusions : illusive forms and functions in architecture

Abstract

An audience's perception of an architectural structure may be different from its physical reality. Architectural Illusions occur through optical illusions or emotional illusions. The former deceive the senses and the way images are processed by the brain. Emotional illusions are more complex and depend on the cultural and psychological state of the audience; they may simply evoke emotions such as awe or nostalgia or create perceptions of the standing or power of the structure's owner. Illusive devices and techniques used by the architect may also enhance leisure and spiritual experiences. These illusions may occur coincidentally but, more often, dramatic or subtle techniques are an essential element of the architects plan. This dissertation traces the use of such techniques through centuries of varying architectural styles, philosophies and technologies. The dissertation aims to follow the trail, which parallels the built hist0ry of civilisation throughout the development of the city. Various landmarks in architectural history including important buildings, as well as social and technological developments are mentioned. Finally, attention turns to present day Maltese case studies, which are supported by empirical data collected through focus groups and one-to-one interviews. In all, the work supports the premise that illusion is a functional element of architecture and that a role of the architect is to be a master of illusion.