Teleworking in the public service of Malta : trends and patterns

Abstract

This research examines the trends and patterns of teleworking in the Maltese Public Service from 2009 until 2020. The increasing use of technology has facilitated the ease of working from home while delivering the same quality service to the public. Teleworking in the Public Service evolved from first generation to second generation with the proper access to ICTs. Views on teleworking arrangements were also sought from teleworkers and senior management. The research was carried out using a mixed method approach. Statistical analysis on the trends and patterns of teleworking were analysed over a period of 11 years. An online questionnaire was disseminated to public service teleworking employees. In-depth Interviews were held with Directors, Corporate Services and Human Resources who endorse teleworking applications. The study concluded that prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, teleworking was availed of by women in scales (11-15) who are mainly responsible for taking care of children or elderly relatives. Public officers in scales 1-5 are the least likely to telework. This may be because teleworking is viewed as negatively affecting their chances for promotion. Public officers in scales 16-20 are also not likely to telework due to the nature of their role. Another trend is that teleworking caused the loss of teamwork. Over the years many teleworkers felt professionally isolated, leading to barriers in having good working relationships with colleagues. Such isolation has caused stress and mental issues among teleworkers, increasing during the Covid-19 pandemic. Where management used to supervise and possibly micromanage employees at their place of work, teleworking has caused managers to focus on employee output. The trend and pattern that is emerging is the adoption of the hybrid work model (Ro, 2020). Employees prefer to work from home a few days a week to maintain a work-life balance.