Descriptors of the indigenous Maltese breed of chicken : the Maltese Black

Abstract

This study specifically focused on the Maltese Black fowl breed, its characteristics as compared to the phenotypic standards as published by Cesareo (1950). The main aims of this study included in researching, compiling and defining the breed standards for the Maltese Black. Moreover, to survey the available stock and determine any phenotypic drifts from the standards and to review the available literature dating from the onset for British rule up to modem times. The sample for this exercise consisted of 21 cocks and 75 hens (n=96). Using a quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental design by means of a checklist and a 12 item open-ended questionnaire. Findings indicated a statistically significant drift in the phenotypic characteristics of the sample fowl as compared with the original standards by Cesareo (1950). Findings also outlined a lack of uniformity and sub-standard values in the breed's characteristics across the sample population. The study also outlined current trends in the keeping and breeding of the Maltese Black. In fact, findings indicate a need for providing correct scientific information aimed towards selective breeding. However, there seems to be a positive trend regarding the breeder's awareness about this particular breed. This rustic endangered Maltese egg laying breed with the typical characteristics of the Mediterranean fowl; is ideal for cageless/free range system as laid down in the parameters in the recently introduced EU legislation. Thus, the importance of enhancing the sustainability of this breed. This study also highlights the need for further research aimed towards increasing scientific knowledge about the Maltese Black. Also outlined are various recommendations for the way forward in order for this indigenous breed to thrive.