The evolution of school uniforms in Malta

Abstract

Recently, school uniforms in Malta were an issue of debate. After discussions with stakeholders, it was decided that from the Scholastic Year: 2019-2020 students in secondary and primary schools would wear tracksuits as their uniform (Ministry of Education, Malta, 18th June, 2019). A school uniform is a homogeneous outfit worn for educational purposes, mainly in primary and secondary institutions. School uniform policies aim to create a stronger school identity, to instill discipline and as practise for future jobs where a uniform is a requirement. Studies show that having a uniform helps intellectually and academically, maintains a sense of order and may offer a safety net from bullies. It is inclusive, adds an element of respect and may support the students psychologically (Spencer, 2013). The research questions of this study attempt to determine whether school uniforms can be considered as identity markers and whether there are other extrinsic and intrinsic factors which may influence school uniform policies in Malta. By means of a qualitative research approach, eight semi-structured interviews were carried out to capture knowledge, historical memories and perceptions on how school uniform policies have evolved in Maltese State and Church Schools. This study adopted a concurrent triangulation qualitative method design for the analysis. This research sheds light on the physiognomies of having a school uniform and highlights key factors that have influenced school uniforms in Malta. As a British colony, Malta’s economy and education and, more specifically school uniforms were influenced by the British. The knowledge captured in this study has been summarised in a timeline which reflects the evolution of local school uniforms over the centuries. The findings of this study show that uniforms provide a sense of discipline and order. This influences student behaviour and contributes towards positive academic and future accomplishments by the students.