A geological overview of the maltese archipelago with reference to the area of Sliema

Abstract

This study offers an overview and account of the geological and geographical characteristics of the Maltese islands, with a particular emphasis on the Sliema peninsula. The stratigraphic sequence of the geology on the islands, including the lithostratigraphy and sedimentary structure dating back to the Oligo-Miocene Epoch, is described starting from the oldest layer, the Lower Coralline Limestone, up to the most recent rock deposition in the newly discovered quaternary rock deposition. Additionally, the report delves into the general seismic activity on the island that has contributed to the unique geomorphology, hydrology, and hydrogeology that exist on Malta and Gozo. The interrelationship between these geological components is evident on the islands, particularly in the tectonic activity that has resulted in the formation of cliffs and bays throughout. After providing a general geological overview of the islands, the report focuses more specifically on the Sliema area, a town located in the east of the main island of Malta known for its numerous rocky beaches and heavy urbanization.