Knowledge on the use of adrenaline autoinjectors among healthcare professionals

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Adrenaline auto-injectors are indicated in the emergency treatment of allergic reactions including anaphylaxis prescribed to patients at increased risk for anaphylaxis, intended for immediate self-administration as emergency supportive therapy only and not a substitute for immediate medical care. The objective of this audit was to study the knowledge of indications for prescription and administration, mode of administration and post-administration management of an adrenaline autoinjector among health care professionals at our local hospital.

METHOD: 86 medical doctors across various working grades in the Department of Medicine and 16 pharmacists were asked to complete a questionnaire in the presence of the investigator in July 2018 at Mater Dei Hospital, Malta.

RESULTS: The mean age was 27.5years and 57% were females. 21 participants had previously prescribed an Epipen®. Questions answered correctly were as follows: dosage in adults 63% and children 54%; correct indication for prescription 73%; correct indication for administration 100%; correct injection end of autoinjector 79.4%; incorrect patient positioning for injection 13%; correct site of administration 99%; correct duration of injection 56.8%; common side effects 73.5%; referral to A&E post-administration 75%; timing of repeat injection 80%; contraindications 86.7%. 68.6% participants did not feel confident explaining to patients when to use it while 72.5% participants did not feel confident explaining how to use it.

CONCLUSION: It is evident that education is urgently needed among health care professions on the indications for prescription, mode of administration as well as post-administration management of this potentially life-saving medication.