The use of blood pattern analysis to strengthen forensic evidence in solving crimes

Abstract

This dissertation aims to obtain a deeper insight into the forensic field of blood pattern analysis and understand the reasoning behind it being considered such a fundamental part of crime scene investigation. This was accomplished by investigating the basic ideas of blood patterns, including their historical development, the properties and production of bloodstains, the scientific methodology used in analysis, and other factors that have shaped the forensic field. BPA's critical position in crime scene reconstruction is highlighted along with its multidisciplinary basis, utilising concepts from biology, physics and mathematics. Through the examination of bloodstain features and trajectory analysis, BPA provides important information about the dynamics of violent events. From the traditional work of Dr. Eduard Piotrowski to modern technological advancements, the review traces the evolution of BPA, underscoring its transition from subjective interpretations to objective scientific methodologies. The qualitative desk-based method used for this study entailed collecting data solely from case studies and already-published literature sources without direct contact with individuals. This method was selected primarily to mitigate ethical concerns whilst facilitating the collection of rich and detailed information from publicly available sources. However, due to the wealth of information available, a thematic analysis process was used to gain a deeper understanding of the research question by finding the key themes that provided insight into the complex nature of blood pattern analysis. Overall, the results achieved from this research suggested that blood pattern analysis is considered an important component in forensic investigations as the analysis of the shape,angle and directionality of blood revealed their significant contribution to understanding the dynamics of violent events and reconstructing of crime scenes. This study confirms the value of blood pattern analysis as a forensic instrument, emphasising its critical function in clarifying the circumstances surrounding violent confrontations and assisting in the pursuit of justice through careful investigation.